1. January 1, 1808: The federal law prohibiting the importation of African slaves went into effect. It was largely circumvented.
2. January 1, 1863: The Emancipation Proclamation freed all slaves in states in rebellion against the United States.
3. January 10, 1925: Adelbert H. Roberts was elected to the Illinois state legislature, the first black man to serve in a state assembly in at least 25 years. (see first picture)
4. January 16, 1986: A bronze bust of Martin Luther King, Jr., was the first of any black American in the halls of Congress. The first national Martin Luther King, Jr., holiday was celebrated four days later on January 20. (see second picture)
5. January 16, 1987: Frederick Drew Gregory was the first black man to command a space shuttle. (see third picture)
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