Some useful information on Brexit
1. The current Brexit transition deal lasts until December 31st 2020. During the transition period, the majority of EU law will continue to apply to the UK, and the UK will remain under the supervisory, judiciary and enforcement mechanisms of the EU and will still be subject to the jurisdiction of the Court of Justice of the European Union
2. Even after the end of the transition deal, it is expected that the UK and the EU will maintain a very close relationship and continued cooperation for reasons of close geographical proximity and mutual borders
3. The EU is very much an agenda setter and it sets standards at most international levels, due to the block voting of the 28 countries. We have seen this as particularly relevant with:
4. CITES over the peregrine downlisting issue. It is almost certain that, even after Brexit, the UK vote will still be heavily influenced by the new block of 27
5 The World organization for Animal Health (OIE), the main objective of which is to control epizootic diseases and prevent their spread e.g., bird flu
6. IPPC - International Plant Protection Convention (control of pesticides) relevant to us in our biodiversity projects
7. The Codex Alimentarius (the international safe food codex), which has particular relevance for issues related to biodiversity, animal health, animal feed, pesticides, veterinary drugs, among others
8. No plans are at hand for UK to leave the Bern Convention, which covers much more than just the EU. It also includes all the non- EU countries on the European continent – Albania, Armenia. Belarus, Gibraltar, Iceland, Kosovo, Lichtenstein, Macedonia, Norway, Russian Federation, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, and the Holy See. The Bern Convention even includes part of North Africa and Transcaucasia.
9. While parts of the Birds and Habitats Directive (one of several directives that Bern Convention worked on for the EU) may be changed to be adapted into new UK laws, it is expected that any changes will actually be to make the UK laws even stricter.
10. The EU is a major contributor, both for the budgets and ad hoc projects, of many international organisations and agreements on these topics plus it is the major contributor to the Convention on Migratory Species and the Convention on Biodiversity, to both of which the UK will continue as signatory. CMS and CBD are both come under UNESCO Science and Education Programme, but rely a lot on EU funding.
11. Animal health and welfare is a competence shared between the Member States and the Commission. Usually, the Member States participate in the international organisations and agreements, but they still vote as a block. Therefore, it is relevant to monitor the developments at the EU level, in order to know how 27 Contracting Parties of the international agreements will vote.
Here is a link to a stakeholders’ notice from DG SANTE on the withdrawal with respect to the UK and the EU rules on animal health and welfare and public health as related to the movement of live animals, which might be useful, in order to showcase potential future interactions between the EU and the UK. Another stakeholders’ notice to keep on file is on the withdrawal of the UK and the EU rules on trade in protected species of wild fauna and flora.
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