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Bez”H, we will begin requesting rain in Tefilat Arvit,
Thursday night (the 7th of Cheshvan).
If a person forgot to say "Ve'ten Tal u'Matar Livracha"
and only remembered after starting the next beracha
“Teka B’Shofar Gadol,” they may correct it in the
beracha “Shome’a Tefillah.”
This is how: one should say there: "Umil’fanecha
Malkeinu reikam al teshiveinu,” then add the words,
“V'ten tal u’matar livracha al p’nei ha’adama” continue,
“Ki Ata shome’a tefillat amcha Yisrael b’rachamim,” and
then conclude the blessing (as stated in Aruch HaShulchan,
Orach Chaim, Siman 117:6).
If a person remembers that they forgot to say “V’ten tal
u’matar livracha” only after he already started the
beracha “Retzei,” they must return to Birkat HaShanim
(“Barech Aleinu”). If he has already finished the Amida
prayer, he must repeat the entire Amida, as ruled in
Shulchan Aruch (Orach Chaim, Siman 117:5).
The same law applies to a Sephardic individual who said
“Barechenu” instead of “Barech Aleinu” and proceeded
to “Teka B’Shofar.”
If a person is unsure whether they said the correct
wording (i.e., they are in doubt):
If they are within thirty days since the change in the
tefilla wording (until the end of the 6th of Kislev), it is
assumed that they did not say the correct wording, and
they must repeat the prayer. However, after thirty days
of saying the new formula, it is assumed that they have
become accustomed to saying the correct version, as
stated in the Jerusalem Talmud (Ta’anit 1:1).
To help ensure the correct wording becomes ingrained,
one may say the phrase “V'et kol minei tevuata l’tova
v’ten tal u’matar livracha al p’nei ha’adama” ninety
times consecutively in one day (meaning take a few
minutes out of the day to repeat the sentence 90 times).
This was the practice of Rabbi Meir of Rothenburg, as
brought in the Tur (Orach Chaim, Siman 114).
The Mishnah Berurah (Siman 114:37) also ruled that in
cases of doubt regarding berachot, one should take the
lenient approach. Hence, one may rely on repeating the
phrase ninety times or the habitual recitation over thirty
days.
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