1. Negotiate at the end of the month or quarter.
Creditors want to clear their books of existing debt, especially at key financial times throughout the year. The best times to work on negotiation are the end of a month or the end of a fiscal quarter (end of March, June, September, and December). Often collection agencies are hoping to meet a quota that ends at those times. The best option is the end of the year when creditors are most pressured to clear the debt from the books.
2. Pay a lump sum if possible.
You will typically get a better settlement if you can pay a lump sum rather than payments over time.
3. Ask about a 1099 IRS form for large debts.
If you are able to reach a settlement on a substantial debt, ask the creditor if you will receive a 1099 IRS form for what was "forgiven." This is important because the IRS treats the amount forgiven as income for taxes purposes. You'll want to plan for that if the amount is significant.
4. Do not wait until the debt goes to a judgment against you.
Judgments are harder to negotiate and typically have a fixed interest rate. Even if the interest rate is negotiable, there will be other costs including legal fees.
5. Keep purchases to less than 30% of your available credit.
Any use of your existing credit above 29% (of all your available credit) hurts your credit score.
6. Check your credit report at least annually. You are allowed one free report each year from each of the three reporting agencies (Experian, Equifax, and TransUnion). Be sure to check your accounts and credit scores regularly and follow up right away on potential errors.
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